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气管移植研究进展 张涛 综述 李小飞 审校 |
气管移植一直被看作是长段气管切除后重建的重要方式。但由于气管的特殊结构,多年来主要处于实验阶段。许多学者应用多种方法,进行大量尝试,取得了丰硕的成果,极大地促进了气管移植的发展。尤其是近l0年来,随着多学科的交叉和渗透,研究方法的不断进步,人们更加注重研究其机制,寻求相应对策,从而使气管移植的研究不断深入。本文重点就近几年来气管移植的研究热点及其成果综述如下。
上皮细胞脱落与气道闭塞有着密切的联系。如果在移植段上皮细胞脱落的同时能够有新的上皮细胞再生,便可以在一定程度上限制气道的闭塞。Adams等l3j在大鼠的气管移植中发现上皮的覆盖情况与气道闭塞呈负相关,并且认为应用免疫抑制剂将有效地阻止气道闭塞。为了研究移植段上皮再生的组织来源,Tojo等l J将PVG 大鼠5个环的气管移植段经冷冻后移植于ACI大鼠体内。2个月后,应用免疫组织化学的方法证实:
总之,气管主要是作为人呼吸的通道,但气管移植却远非简单的管道移植。人们虽然对它进行了大量的研究,但并没有真正解决气管移植,甚至许多令人兴奋的研究结果也仅仅是~ 家之言。因此有必要借鉴其它学科的知识,结合气管的结构特点,从更深层次上进行探索。
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2005 第四军医大学唐都医院胸腔外科 ®
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